computer fundamentals(part-3)2 marks questions with answers

 

1. What is IP Address?

Internet protocol address is the address of a device attached to an IP network (TCP/IP

network). Every client, server and network device is assigned an IP address, and every IP packet

traversing an IP network contains a source IP address and a destination IP address.

2. Name any four application software packages.

Word Processors, Spreadsheets, Data bases, Graphics Presentations, Web browsers

3. What is soft loading?

A soft reboot (also known as a warm reboot) is restarting a computer under software

control, without removing power or (directly) triggering a reset line. It usually, though not

always, refers to an orderly shutdown and restarting of the machine.

The Control-Alt-Delete key combination is used to allow the soft rebooting the system.

4. What are the steps involved in booting?

First, the Power On Self Tests (POST) is conducted. These tests verify that the system is

operating correctly and will display an error message and/or output a series of beeps known as

beep codes depending on the BIOS manufacturer.

Second, is initialization in which the BIOS look for the video card built in BIOS program

and runs it. The BIOS then looks for other devices' ROMs to see if any of them have BIOSes and

they are executed as well.

Third, is to initiate the boot process. The BIOS looks for boot information that is

contained in file called the master boot record (MBR) at the first sector on the disk. If it is

searching a floppy disk, it looks at the same address on the floppy disk for a volume boot sector.

Once an acceptable boot record is found the operating system is loaded which takes over control

of the computer.

5. What are the applications of software?

1. Operating system 2.Banking 3.Education 4.Entertainment

5. What is a web server?

Web servers are computers that deliver web pages. Every web server has an IP address and

possibly a domain name. A web server is simply a computer program that dispenses web pages as they are requested..

 

6.what is Device drivers

• It is set of programs, which act as an interface between the computer and the

device.

• It is responsible for the proper functioning of the device.

7. what is Language Processor

• It is a system s/w that translates the programs written in High level language to

Machine language.

• Machine language: 0’s and 1’s.

• High level language: C, C++, Java etc,.

Example: Compiler, Interpreter, Assembler

8.what is Compiler

• It converts the programs written in high level language to machine language i.e. it

translates the source code to object code.

9.what is Interpreter

• It converts the programs written in high level language to machine language.

• It executes the source code in line-by-line manner

10.what is Assembler

It converts the programs written in Assembly language to machine language

11.Application software

• Customised Application s/w

It is developed to meet the requirements of limited user. Example Ms-Office,

Reservation system,

Payroll processing system

Hospital management system etc,.

12.General Application s/w

It is developed to meet the requirements of many user.

13. Define various Internet Terminologies?

Internet - Network of millions of computers used to send information back and forth to

one another. There is no authority agency or company that decides what can and cannot

be published on the internet. This means that virtually anyone can publish, and means

that there are large numbers of sites that contain false and misleading information. It is

important to check who takes credit for the site you are viewing.

Homepage - Default setting, or the page that opens up when you start your Browser. A

homepage can also be the entry point for people viewing information that is provided.

Links - Hypertext which, when clicked, connects you to another site or another page

within the same site. In most cases, these links are usually highlighted in blue and are

always underlined.

Page - What is on your screen at any given time. The page includes all the information

available to you by scrolling up or down; however, when you click on hypertext your

computer will 'jump' to a new page.

Search Engines - Software that allows you to search the Web by typing in a topic of

interest.

Examples of search engines we use are Google, HotBot, and Northern Light. These

search engines find exact matches from what has been typed in the search screen to either

documents (files) or subjects of files on the WWW.

URL or Uniform Resource Locator - The address for a specific file on the web, as well

as a method for directing users to a specific file, at a specific site. To type in a different

URL, press command and L at the same time on a Macintosh computer, control and L on

a PC, or locate the address bar at the top of the screen, type in the URL, and then press

return. The URL for the Blaine School District Home page is:

Web Browser - To access the WWW, you need a Browser. A Web Browser is client

software that gets information from a server. It interprets the information, formats it, and

displays it on your computer screen. The most popular browser, and the one we use most

often in Blaine, is Internet Explorer.

WWW, World Wide Web or Web - Interactive collection of hypertext pages linked to

one another. They may include text, graphics and/or links to other spots in the Web. The

Web is interactive because a user can click on text or graphics to navigate (move) to more

information or other graphics, sounds and video that is of interest to them.

Home page - Generally the first page retrieved when accessing a Web site. Usually a

"home" page acts as the starting point for a user to access information on the site. The

"home" page usually has some type of table of contents for the rest of the site information

or other materials. When creating Web pages, the "home" page has the filename

"index.html," which is the default name. The "index" page automatically opens up as the

"home" page.

HTML - A type of text code in Hypertext Markup Language which, when embedded in a

document, allows that document to be read and distributed across the Internet

HTTP - The hypertext transfer protocol (http) that enables html documents to be read on

the Internet.

IP Address - (Internet Protocol) The number or name of the computer from which you

send and receive information on the Internet.

Web server: A computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from

web clients, which are known as web browsers, and serving them HTTP responses along

with optional data contents, which usually are web pages such as HTML documents and

linked objects (images, etc.).

World Wide Web - It is a collection of information or collection websites.

E-mail - It is used to send electronic message to anyone.

Chatting

• It is online Conversation.

• It is used to send message back and forth to anyone.

Remote Access

• It is the process of accessing information present in a remote

computer.

File Sharing

• It enables a group of user to share information.

• The information has been placed on a shared location and the user

access the information.

IRC

• Internet Relay Chat.

• It is designed for group communication.

Video Conferencing

• It allows two or more user to interact via video and audio

transmission.

FTP

• File Transfer Protocol

• It is used to transfer data from one computer to another computer.

TelNet

• Telecommunication Network.This protocol is used to get services

from the server

VOIP

• Voice Over Internet Protocol.

• It sends voice over the internet protocol.